Optical fiber network- paths through which data travels.
Digital
age has begun all across the globe and technocrats are shifting to new
methods, to make it work for them more efficiently and profitably.
Earlier there were many techniques used to transfer data from
transmitter to receiver which are losing there efficiency with time as
the demand has considerably increased from the supply. Hence we can say
that it is time to bring in new methods to meet the increasing demands.
One
such process or more specifically a device or a network used to carry
data from one place to another is Optical Fiber Network. As the name
suggests this network uses the properties of optics, combined or
contained in a fiber to form a network for data transmission.
The
main principle of optics used here is total internal reflection i.e.
when light travels at an incident angle larger than the critical angle,
then instead of being refracted; it is reflected back into its source
environment. When this is done repeatedly then the light that emerges
is free from any distortion. In this way it travels faster and gets
refined in its way.
The network is
being deployed all over as it provides increased efficiency. This costs
less and since it results in less distortion and noise is widely
preferred by many telecom establishments around. Also this network or
more specifically the fiber is free from any electromagnetic
disturbance or intersymbol interference so is very convenient to use.
There
are many paths or topologies in which they can be deployed in minimum
cost and covering maximum area like star, bus, mesh or network
topology. In star topology the two points to be connected are joined
together and there are no mediating grounds. In bus topology, all the
points are connected to a single line. However in a mesh topology the
two points are connected forming an internetwork with one another.
The
three basic types of optical fibers are: single mode, multi mode and
graded index fiber. Single mode has only one mode passing through it.
Multimode fiber carries many modes in it and graded index fiber carries
data in a parabolic index profile. Commercially also this technique is
being used by telecom giants like Idea and Reliance to provide networks
in our country.