Brochure of Vocational Training for Mentally Handicapped : Chapter XI
CHAPTER XI
VARIOUS PARTS OF LOOMS
1. BEAM
A wood or metal cylinder type several feet long and 5 or 6 inches in diameter with both sides guarded on both ends, on which warp yarn are wound for weaving.
2. WIRE HEALD OR HEDDLE
1t is also known or called HEDDLE i.e., a cord round steel wire or thin flat steel strips with a loop or eye near the centre, through which one or more warp threads pass. The heddles are supported by the harness frames on either end.
3. FRAME
It also known as HARNESS – it is a wood or metal frame which holds the heddles, in position in the loom during weaving. It
is also called LEAF, SHAFT or WING. It is also called heald shaft.
4. SHUTTLE
A boat-shaped device that carries filled in yarn pirn through the warp shed ( the space between the raised and depressed warp thread) in the weaving process. The shuttle has an aperture that holds a pirn on which the filling yarn is wound. It is equipped with suitable tips, eyes and thread guides so that it may furnish the filling yarn at the rates desired during the weaving operations.
Shuttle is used in weaving, for carrying the thread over the weft between the threads of the WARP. It passes over the slay from right shuttle box to left shuttle box for making fabric. It consists of a wooden block pointed at the ends and hollowed out in the middle to hold the yarn prepared in a weft bobbin, the thread passing out from an eye which is in the side of the shuttle
.
5. REED (COMB)
A comb-like device on a loom which spaces the warp yarns in the desired order and also places each succeeding filling thread against that already
woven. The reed usually consists of top and bottom ribs of wood into which flat metal blades or thin wires are set. The space between two adjacent wires is called dent, or split, and the count or fineness of the reed is calculated by the number of dents per inch. The warp
is drawn through the dents.
6. PICKER
Part of the picking mechanism of the loom which really strikes shuttle. It is placed into shuttle box.
7. PICKER STICKS OR CORD
In the loom, the picker cord controls the throwing of the shuttle at each end of the Race Plate, from the shuttle box.
8. SEAT
A clear place to sit for the purpose of weaving. A plank of wood to size is kept. (Fig. on pg. 48)
9. PEDAL (FOOT OPERATED LEVER)
Two pedals are provided at the foot of the loom, one pedal is connected to one set of frames and the other pedal is connected to another set of frames. (Fig. on pg. 48)
14. BUTT
It is connected to the pickers with cords. It rests above the comb. The main purpose is to strike the shuttle with the help of picker which is in the shuttle box, attached to the cord.
11. CLOTH ROLLER
On which the finished fabric is rolled up. (Fig. on pg. 48)
12. SHED
A path across the warp in the loom formed by raising some warp threads by their harnesses while others are left down, or depressed. The shuttle passes through the shed to insert the filling. (Fig. on pg. 48)
13. RACE PLATE
Part of the lay of the loom, consisting of a flat stick in front of the reed. The purpose of the race plate is to direct the shuttle in its passage through the shed. (the two ends of the Race Plate, shuttle box is attached in each end). (Fig. on pg. 48)
14. SLAY OR BATTEN OR LAY OR LAY OF THE LOOM :
The part of the loom which swings to-and-fro (forward and backward) for the purpose of beating the filling into place after it has been loosely shot through the shed by the shuttle. The parts of the loom that makes weaving possible. Parts include, reed, reed-cap, race-plate, shuttle, shuttle boxes, picker (ugstraps. It is suspended over the loom, on two balancing rod-pins to give a swing effect – forward and backward. (See fig. above)
“I slept and dreamt that life is beauty, I woke and found that life is duty.”
English Poet – Shelley